Abstract
<jats:p>Outlines of Philosophy – I Metaphysics Hermann Lotzes Outlines of Philosophy – I Metaphysics is a classical philosophical work that systematically examines the fundamental problems of metaphysics. The book aims to analyze core assumptions -such as being, causality, change, and relationality- that are implicitly embedded in everyday thinking. For Lotze, metaphysics is not merely the science of the conceivable but also of actuality, thus serving as a bridge between ordinary experience and scientific knowledge. The work is structured into three main sections: Ontology, Cosmology, and Phenomenology. In the ontological part, the concepts of being, reality, and causality are explored. The cosmological section focuses on the fundamental structures of the universe, including space, time, motion, and matter. The phenomenological part addresses the subjective and objective dimensions of knowledge, investigating the relationship between the human mind and external reality. Situated within post-Kantian German philosophy, Lotze critically engages with debates on the origin and validity of categories. He examines and critiques the approaches of major thinkers such as Kant, Fichte, and Hegel. Rather than deriving metaphysics from a single foundational principle, Lotze advocates a pluralistic method grounded in multiple independent problems. In conclusion, the work presents metaphysics not as mere abstract speculation but as a fundamental discipline for understanding reality. It stands as both a historically informed and systematically structured introduction to metaphysical inquiry. Keywords: Metaphysics; Ontology; Causality; Being; Epistemology</jats:p>