Abstract
<jats:p>This article provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of lexical units related to traditional women’s clothing in Kyrgyz and Russian cultures. The main objective of the research is to reveal, from a linguistic perspective, the semantic, structural, and ethnocultural characteristics of clothing vocabulary that have formed in accordance with the living conditions, history, worldview, and culture of both peoples. The article examines the semantic fields, structural patterns, and etymological origins of vocabulary divided into thematic groups such as headwear, outerwear, and underwear. It also thoroughly investigates phraseological units related to clothing, their symbolic meanings, historical-ethnographic foundations, and social functions within society (indicating status, age, marital status). As a result of the comparative analysis, similarities and differences in the vocabulary of the two languages are identified, and their causes (historical connections, differences in lifestyle) are indicated. The study presents important findings for ethnolinguistics, comparative linguistics, and cultural studies, emphasizing the role of language in preserving and transmitting the cultural code.</jats:p>