Abstract
<jats:p>This monograph examines the theoretical foundations and methods of mathematical modeling of synchronous and asynchronous electric machines, taking into account internal faults. Approaches to the transition from systems of differential equations to discrete algebraic models are substantiated, as are methods for calculating magnetic fields in the end zone of machines. Improved mathematical models, diagnostic algorithms, and sensorless methods for determining machine operating parameters are proposed. The results are relevant for the development of modern technical diagnostics and relay protection systems aimed at improving the reliability and operational efficiency of electric machines. This monograph is intended for researchers, engineers, graduate and undergraduate students in electrical engineering specialties, as well as university professors involved in the modeling, diagnostics, and protection of electrical equipment.</jats:p>