Abstract
<jats:p>The article is devoted to the analysis of the results of retrospective and operational monitoring of the occurrence and spread of so-called "unknown" especially viral diseases among cattle in the regions of Kazakhstan and Russia. Based on the literature data and our own research, the results of the diagnosis and differentiation of such pathologies are presented. According to epizootological data and clinical symptoms, "unknown" diseases were in some cases diagnosed as foot-and-mouth disease, and the differential differences between this disease and infectious rhinotracheitis and other similar pathologies are also given. Recommendations are given on the organization and implementation of antiepizootic measures. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the practice of responding veterinary services to the occurrence of suspected particularly dangerous infections. It is noted that in a number of cases on the territory of Russia, without providing supporting documents — acts of epizootological examination and expert opinions of diagnostic institutions — animals are seized from their owners, followed by bloodless destruction and disposal by incineration. Such actions by local executive and authorized bodies in the field of veterinary medicine cause discontent and protests among farmers and animal owners, which indicates the need to increase the transparency of decisions and improve diagnostic procedures. The paper also evaluates the activities of the authorized veterinary authorities of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union and their interaction with international structures in the field of veterinary supervision. Based on the analysis, an algorithm for the organization and implementation of antiepizootic measures is proposed, aimed at improving the effectiveness of diagnosis, preventing the spread of infections and minimizing economic losses in animal husbandry.</jats:p>