Abstract
<jats:p>In contemporary society, bilingualism and biculturalism constitute a sustained focus of scholarly inquiry, as globalization and migration have positioned individuals within complex interactions across multiple languages and cultural frameworks. This phenomenon encompasses not only the development of linguistic competence but also the formation of social and cultural identities, reflecting a multi-layered process. The objective of this study is to systematically examine the interrelations among bilingualism, biculturalism, language, culture, and individual identity, and to empirically assess the social and cognitive outcomes of children’s development within these contexts from an early age. Keywords: bilingualism, biculturalism, language and culture, individual identity, socio-cultural development</jats:p>