Abstract
<jats:p>This article analyzes the dynamics of ethnopolitical conflicts, often rooted in the excessive politicization of ethnicity. It demonstrates that "ethnic dramatization" is not a natural cause of conflict, but a discursive structure that obscures real social, institutional, and political problems. In this context, the formation of de-ethnification, post-ethnic, and transnational identities is discussed, as well as the role of symbolic interaction as mechanisms for redefining the field of identity. Models of civic and multilayered political belonging make it possible to reduce the burden of ethnic divides and replace them with principles of coexistence and legal equality. The experience of the European Union, particularly Northern Ireland, South Tyrol, and Belgium, demonstrates that sustainable conflict mitigation is possible by replacing the revaluation of ethnicity with institutional guarantees, cross-border cooperation, and transnational political identity.</jats:p>