Abstract
<jats:p>This book chapter provides a comprehensive examination of the transformative impacts of the digital age on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)-based science education, focusing on both academic achievement and the development of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). Within the framework of the Education 4.0 vision, the role of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered personalized learning systems, virtual and augmented reality applications, and digital collaboration platforms in STEM education is analyzed. The study discusses how digital tools contribute to the enhancement of twenty-first-century skills such as critical thinking, creativity, metacognition, and collaborative problem-solving, supported by current literature. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges and ethical considerations that accompany this digital transformation, including the digital divide, teacher competencies, and the evolving roles of educators. In conclusion, the chapter presents strategic recommendations for the future of digital STEM education.</jats:p>