Abstract
<jats:p>The article presents the fundamental principles for developing a digital technology algorithm aimed at identifying similarities and differences between maize lines at the level of polymorphism of the maize endosperm storage protein - zein. The proposed technology is based on a comparative analysis of two homozygous genotypes, followed by their inclusion in a reciprocal hybridization scheme through automatic synthesis according to the genetic principle of codominance. The main methodological tool used in this study is the FOREZ-2 software program. The parameters for interpreting the specificity of protein polymorphism, proposed for the comparative identification of homozygous maize genotypes, are analyzed in detail. The paper describes in depth the technology for modeling direct and reverse computer-based test crossings to reveal genetic differences between the analyzed maize lines at the level of protein polymorphism specificity, according to the interpretation parameter "molecular forms of zein." At the same time, it is established that, for evaluating similarity between the compared lines, the interpretation of electrophoretic spectra can be limited to the quantitative characteristics of "zein peptide subunits" (ZPS). It is shown that the main interpretation parameter of similarity is the "total area of ZPS" identical for reciprocal hybrid combinations. In conclusion, an algorithm of digital technology is proposed for identifying similarities and differences between homozygous maize genotypes based on zein polymorphism specificity. According to the authors, the proposed algorithm can be recommended as a universal tool for processing experimental electrophoretic data in the fields of maize heterosis breeding, spontaneous and artificial mutagenesis, as we</jats:p>