Abstract
<jats:p>Significant changes occurred in the ethnic composition of the urban population of the South Caucasus in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, due to economic, political, social and demographic factors. In those years, large cities, especially Baku, Tbilisi, Alexandrapol, Elizavetpol and Shushi, were divided into separate ethnic districts: Armenian, Georgian, Muslim, Russian, etc. Armenians occupied the first place in terms of the urban population. The aim of this study is to analyze the ethnodemographic processes of the cities of the South Caucasus. The main directions of the study are the ethnodemographic changes of the urban population and the processes of urbanization. Methods and methods: The study is based on archival documents, official statistical data - "Caucasian Calendar", provincial bulletins, scientific literature published in the pre-Soviet, Soviet and post-Soviet years, materials from newspapers and periodicals published in the presented period were also used. The scientific novelty of the research is the publicization of unexplained issues of the history of urban ethnodemography of the South Caucasus.</jats:p>