Հայաստանի քառանկյուն հոծ աշտարակները . մոնումենտալ ճարտարապետության և աշխարհայացքի փոխկապակցություն

<jats:p>․Rectangular solid towers represent a unique type of Armenian monumental architecture, reflecting the symbolic and ritual systems of the Iron Age. The study aims to reveal their spatial distribution, architectural characteristics, and functional significance. Methods and Materials․The research is based on field surveys, archaeological analysis, and digital documentation methods, including drone aerial photography, GIS mapping, and satellite data interpretation. The main examined examples are located on the slopes of Aragats, Arteni, Ara, Gutanasar, and Hatis mountains. Analysis and Results․Solid towers are situated in elevated landscapes, often associated with fortresses and burial fields. Lacking defensive functions, they served as symbolic and ritual centers. The C14 data from the Khanjyan 1 monument (4th–2nd centuries BCE) indicate the continued use of this architectural type over several centuries. The author supervised the research, conducted field investigations, discovered and localized new monuments, and performed all digital and cartographic processing.</jats:p>