Abstract
<jats:p>The main tillage in the risky steppe zone of Kazakhstan is intended to improve the water-air regime of the arable horizon. It is ensured by proper tillage-free tillage, which contributes to the development of biological activity of the soil, preserving its microorganisms and fertility, which ultimately increases the yield and quality of agricultural products. Flat cutters and shaft-less plows are used for this purpose. The main disadvantages of flat-cutting paws are a low degree of crumbling, turning out huge boulders, creating compacted soles that prevent the development of the root system of plants and the movement of meltwater to the lower layers of the soil, and high resistance to movement. Tillage machines with such working bodies are aggregated by energy-saturated tractors. In modern economic conditions in the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan, the size of cultivated fields has decreased, and the use of wheeled tractors of the Belarus type is effective. Tractors of this class do not have ploughs for non-shaft processing.. Dump plowing promotes faster drying of the arable soil layer. Waste-free tillage with the preservation of crop residues and straw on the surface inhibits the development of erosion and deflation, reduces physical evaporation and increases the use of condensation moisture, reduces the rate of mineralization in the soil. Plowing without turnover of the reservoir while preserving plant residues ensures the preservation of fertility and reproduction of soil energy by up to 12% annually, reducing total technological energy costs by up to 10-13%. Loosening with roll-free racks provides an increase in soil moisture in the arable horizon of 0...30 cm, a decrease in fluffiness and rippling by 7...8%, and an increase in the degree of crumbling by 7% compared to other treatment options. The developed six-body dumpless plow provides basic shuttle processing, increasing the unit's productivity. The preservation of plant residues on the field surface increases accumulation and reduces evaporation of soil moisture, which helps to increase the yield of cultivated crops.</jats:p>