Abstract
<jats:p>The global shift to digitized customs platforms, including Single Windows and autonomous trade systems, introduces unprecedented cybersecurity vulnerabilities across the global supply chain. This chapter examines the critical challenges posed by an expanding attack surface, data integrity attacks, ransomware, and AI-specific threats, such as adversarial manipulation of predictive risk models. It argues that security can no longer be an afterthought; rather, it must be integrated as a foundational principle. A robust response requires a multilayered security framework, the implementation of data integrity solutions like blockchain for non-repudiation, and a strict governance model for AI that ensures accountability, transparency, and fairness (ATF). Ultimately, a collective defense built on strong public-private partnerships and aligned international cooperation is essential to safeguard highly sensitive trade data, maintain operational resilience, and secure the future of global digital commerce.</jats:p>