Abstract
<jats:p>This chapter examines the intersection of governance, policy, and supply chain management in politically fragile environments, using Gaza as a case study. Findings reveal that humanitarian supply chain failures stem not only from technical inefficiencies but also from fragmented authority, political restrictions, and infrastructural collapse. The absence of integrated governance mechanisms exacerbates delays, inequitable distribution, and politicization of aid. Adaptive strategies—such as community-based networks, hybrid aid-education programs, digital coordination tools, and portfolio-based logistics—demonstrate practical ways to enhance resilience. The study highlights the necessity of embedding governance and policy frameworks within logistical planning, emphasizing transparency, coordination, and inclusivity. Lessons from Gaza provide broader implications for strengthening humanitarian supply chains in fragile contexts across the MENA region, illustrating that sustainable, resilient logistics require the fusion of technical solutions with institutional and political integration.</jats:p>