Abstract
<jats:p>Global supply chains are undergoing a paradigmatic shift as climate action, social accountability, and economic resilience emerge as non-negotiable imperatives. This chapter introduces the concept of Triangular Transformation, a comprehensive framework that integrates these three pillars into the design and governance of modern supply chains. Traditional supply chain models, which prioritised efficiency and cost minimisation, have proven inadequate in addressing the interconnected crises of climate change, social inequities, and systemic vulnerabilities. The proposed framework emphasises that achieving sustainability requires simultaneous commitment to decarbonization, ethical labour practices, and resilience-building mechanisms.</jats:p>