Abstract
<jats:p>Leading indicators in occupational health and safety (OHS) are proactive measures that provide early warning of potential incidents, complementing traditional lagging indicators such as injury rates. This chapter explains the concept of leading indicators and their importance in fostering a prevention-focused safety culture. It discusses how leading indicators can be developed and integrated into an organization's OHS management system, particularly in alignment with the ISO 45001:2018 standard for OHS management. Through a review of recent literature and case examples, the chapter highlights key categories of leading indicators, benefits of their use, and common challenges in implementation. It also illustrates how integrating these forward-looking metrics within the ISO 45001 framework can drive continuous improvement in safety performance and help organizations in their journey toward ‘zero harm'.</jats:p>