Abstract
<jats:p>Представлен анализ особенностей пожаров и действующих нормативных требований к противопожарным разрывам между зданиями из деревянных конструкций. Рассмотрены результаты натурных испытаний горения зданий из современных деревокомпозитных материалов, выполненных как с наружной защитой фасада негорючими материалами, так и с незащищенным фасадом. Проведена сравнительная оценка экспериментальных значений падающих тепловых потоков от горящего здания со значениями, полученными с использованием нормативного метода расчета. Рассмотрена применимость нормативного метода расчета при определении безопасных противопожарных расстояний между деревянными зданиями.</jats:p> <jats:p>In modern conditions, the construction of wooden buildings, including multi-storey ones, has reached a new technological level. The main fire safety requirements for the planning and development of settlements are related to fire separation distances based on the degree of fire resistance of buildings and structures, as well as ensuring unimpeded access for fire department operations. Increasing the number of storeys or building density in residential wooden developments without additional fire prevention measures poses a risk of worsening the fire situation. Fire analysis indicates that violations of fire safety requirements in this regard often lead to the rapid spread of fire between buildings and structures. Most national building codes and regulations in many countries typically contain prescriptive requirements in the form of specific values for required fire breaks. Some codes provide calculation methods that establish the minimum allowable value of radiant heat flux incident on the facade of a building exposed to flame from a fire at a neighboring facility. This article analyzes the results of full-scale fire tests conducted to assess the values of incident heat fluxes from a burning building made of modern wood composite materials (CLT panels). A comparative assessment of the experimental values of incident heat fluxes with the values obtained using the regulatory calculation method has been carried out to determine its applicability in establishing safe fire separation distances between multi-storey wooden buildings. The high efficiency of the applied methodology for determining safe fire distances, as set out in the code of practice SP 4.13130.2013, was noted. A comparison of the fire test results with the calculated determination of heat flux from the fire flame showed that the provisions of the regulatory methodology allow for an objective assessment of the nature of the thermal impact and the determination of safe fire distances for multi-storey wooden buildings with a reasonable margin.</jats:p>