Abstract
<jats:p>The article examines the contribution of Jean Bodin, Johann Bachofen and Louis Bachelier to the formation of financial science as an independent field in the history of economic thought. The study is based on an analysis of the key works of these thinkers, their biographical data and historical context, which revealed the specifics of their approaches to the problems of money, social structure and speculation theory. Jean Bodin is presented as the founder of the early theories of value and money, his works reveal the principles of public finance management and analyze the influence of the money supply on economic stability. Johann Bachofen is considered as the founder of the humanitarian approach to law and property, which expands the understanding of the social foundations of economic relations. Louis Bachelier, who created the first mathematical model of stock market pricing, is regarded as the forerunner of modern finance theory, laying the foundations for a probabilistic approach to modeling price fluctuations. It is concluded that the philosophical, economic, and mathematical aspects of their work are interconnected, which underscores the importance of their ideas for the subsequent development of theoretical and applied economics. The results obtained contribute to an in-depth understanding of the origins of financial science and their connection with fundamental concepts of humanitarian and mathematical thought.</jats:p>