Abstract
<jats:p>This paper presents the main outcomes of a structured assessment evaluating how Ukrainian high-level nuclear safety requirements, defined in NP 306.2.245-2024 (General Safety Provisions for Nuclear Power Plants), apply to water-cooled small modular reactor (SMR) designs. The assessment was aimed at identifying regulatory aspects that may require clarification or adaptation in the context of expected SMR deployment in Ukraine, while preserving the overall integrity of the existing regulatory framework. The assessment was performed as a requirement-by-requirement evaluation of selected representative water-cooled SMR designs based on information available from open sources. Each requirement was analysed with respect to its applicability, taking into account design-specific features such as integral layouts, extensive use of passive safety systems, and multi-module plant configurations. Particular attention was given to identifying provisions that may lead to regulatory challenges. The results show that the majority of high-level safety requirements remain applicable to water-cooled SMRs without fundamental modification. At the same time, several areas were identified where further clarification or refined interpretation is required. These include the treatment of multi-module configurations, the application of safety criteria, the use of passive safety systems, as well as specific aspects of safety analysis and system design. It is concluded that the existing Ukrainian regulatory framework provides a generally adequate basis for licensing water-cooled SMRs. At the same time, the targeted clarification of selected provisions and the development of supplementary regulatory guidance would improve regulatory predictability and efficiency. The presented results provide a structured basis for further regulatory discussions and prioritization of activities supporting SMR deployment.</jats:p>