Abstract
<jats:p>The article presents a comprehensive study of the specific features of the organization and methodology of inventory accounting at Ukrainian enterprises under martial law. It substantiates those military hostilities and the associated risks of business activity – such as the destruction of production and logistics infrastructure, loss of or restricted access to assets, occupation of territories, disruption of supply chains, and sales markets – significantly complicate the application of traditional approaches to the recognition, measurement, and control of inventories. The article analyzes the current legal framework for inventory accounting, considering its application under martial law conditions. Key differences between approaches to the valuation, write-off, and impairment reversal of inventories under national and international accounting standards are identified, as well as their impact on the reliability of financial reporting under uncertainty. Attention is paid to the problem of loss of control over inventories due to hostilities or the temporary occupation of territories, which raises questions about compliance with the criteria for recognizing inventories as assets. The author’s position is that under martial law conditions, priority should be given to the principles of prudence and reliability of financial reporting, even in the absence of complete documentary evidence. The expediency of analytically separating inventories to which access and control have been lost, without premature write-off or full impairment until documentary confirmation of destruction or final loss is obtained, is substantiated. Practical recommendations are proposed to improve accounting procedures, including the use of analytical and off-balance-sheet accounts, the formation of allowances for inventory impairment, the application of alternative methods for confirming losses, and the proper documentation of the consequences of military actions. Implementation of the proposed approaches will contribute to improving the objectivity of accounting information, the reliability of financial statements, and the effectiveness of managerial decision-making by enterprises under martial law.</jats:p>