Abstract
<jats:p>The article examines the role of problems and computer algebra systems (CAS) in the process of developing the professional competence of future Bachelors in Mathematics and Informatics. The authors emphasize the need to search for new didactic approaches that meet modern requirements of digitalization of education and the integration of information technologies. Problems are considered not only as a traditional element of the educational process but also as a multifunctional tool for developing critical thinking, creativity, research skills, and analytical abilities. Particular attention is paid to the classification of problems used in the training of higher education students. The combination of CAS with traditional problem solving makes it possible not only to automate calculations but also to shift the focus towards conceptual understanding of the material, building mathematical models, analyzing results, and developing algorithms for solutions. The article presents original implementations of problems that demonstrate the effectiveness of combining traditional teaching methods with modern computer tools. Such an approach contributes to increasing students’ motivation, forming skills of independent and research work, and fostering information culture and academic integrity. The systematic use of CAS in the educational process ensures a qualitatively new level of professional training. Graduates acquire not only fundamental knowledge of mathematics and informatics but also competences related to digital literacy, algorithmization, and modeling, which enhances their competitiveness in the labor market. Promising directions for further research include the development of integrated educational and methodological systems that combine the problem-based approach, CAS, and artificial intelligence technologies. Of particular importance is the study of the impact of such systems on the formation of individual educational trajectories of students and the preparation of future mathematics and informatics teachers for the implementation of the New Ukrainian School concept. The article makes a significant contribution to the methodology of teaching mathematical and informatics disciplines, demonstrating the potential of combining classical problems with modern digital tools as an effective method of professional training of higher education students — future bachelors in mathematics and informatics.</jats:p>