Abstract
<jats:p>Green coffee bean extract (GCBE), derived from raw and unroasted coffee fruits, is a major dietary source of potent polyphenols, primarily chlorogenic acids (CGAs), which provide an array of pharmacological and health benefits due to their high natural antioxidant capacity. The aim of the paper is to determine the effect of feeding an aqueous extract of green coffee bean powder on the lipid profile, which includes total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), and triacylglycerols (TAG), and also to study its effect on the antioxidant status (GSH, SOD, and MDA) in female rabbits. The investigation was conducted on twenty healthy female rabbits, aged 4–6 months and weighing approximately 1350–1500 g, which were randomly and equally allocated into two experimental groups: a control untreated group receiving a normal diet and water, and a treated group supplemented with the extract. The feeding experiment lasted for a period of two months, from December 1, 2024, to February 1, 2025. The obtained results revealed that GCBE treatment significantly improved the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems, as evidenced by a substantial increase of 42.94 % in glutathione (GSH) levels and a 57.72 % elevation in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p≤0.05) in the green coffee extract-treated group compared to the control untreated group. Concurrently, a significant 17.40 % reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (p≤0.05) was observed in the treated group, indicating a notable decrease in lipid peroxidation and systemic oxidative damage. On the other hand, regarding the serum lipid profile, GCBE consumption induced a remarkable 89.49 % increase (p≤0.05) in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels within the treated group compared to the control group, while the other atherogenic lipid parameters showed the exact opposite trend, with significant drops in total cholesterol by 30.48 %, triglycerides by 38.14 %, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by 43.81 %, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) by 53.05 %. In conclusion, the administration of green coffee bean extract successfully mitigates oxidative stress, enhances antioxidant defense status, and optimizes healthy cholesterol levels, displaying robust hypolipidemic and anti-atherogenic potential in the female rabbit model.</jats:p>