Abstract
<jats:p>The subject of the study is the application of the concept of "freedom" in public consciousness, based on the understanding of freedom as human freedom, that is, the cultural universality of the subjective range in the clarification of the social and cultural context. It will be especially appropriate to conduct an analysis of philosophical foundations, both stereotypes of social consciousness, and consideration of the views of individual philosophers who, within the framework of traditional society, both in the West and in the Muslim East, worked on understanding similar issues. The purpose of the paper is demonstration of the genesis of the concept of "freedom" within the anthropocentric research paradigm. Solving such research tasks determines the logic of the presentation of the researched material in the work: systematization of the achievements of theory and practice; using the tools of social philosophy to carry out a systematic analysis of the principles of philosophical systems. Methodology of the study is based on general research methods of analysis and synthesis, observation and abstraction, which are used to systematize the achievements of theory and practice. Results of the survey have shown that free will can be represented as a special case of freedom of choice, but the choice of not actions, but the choice of decisions, how to act, when, by what means, etc. The evolution of human freedom can be viewed through the prism of migration processes. The distinction between "natural freedom" and "human freedom in society" is that in the first case, a person is free from any human authority, while in the second case, he must recognize the legislative authority established by the consent of all. A feature of the development of modern society is the growing role of the social sphere. With the advent of the social technology "passport system", a person's freedom of movement is limited by certain state rules. Even holders of the "strongest" passports cannot avoid the impact of migration changes. Practical implications it was found that the main challenge for Europe is not illegal immigration, even taking into account the risks associated with it, but the problem of integration of the descendants of immigrants, European citizens, who often have only a formal connection with the Arab-Muslim culture. Value/originality. The goals of society (like knowledge) are contradictory. Simultaneous achievement of goals is impossible, the principle of compromise and synthesis must be applied. If humanity wants to live better, it must develop. And then some transformations are inevitable, which, by the way, can be declared as the goal of its development. It became clear that not everyone wants to develop, as this requires major changes in the mentality of peoples (civilizations). But there is an opportunity to use the fruits of progress as gifts of nature. The world's binary is another compromise to preserve values and to create new ones.</jats:p>