Abstract
<jats:p>The purpose of this textbook is to give the reader, in a concise and specific form, a systematic understanding of global energy, the history of energy industries, and the energy policy of Russia and foreign countries. The tutorial covers aspects such as: Current state of global energy and key definitions of energy History of the development of the oil industry in Russia and the world, as well as Russian oil policy at the present stage History and current state of the natural gas industry in Russia and the world Current Russian policy in the coal industry, as well as trends in the global coal market Features, history and key development trends of the nuclear industry History of climate research and the problem of its change, as well as international efforts to combat climate change Key components of the fourth energy transition History and features of the development of key sectors of renewable energy International and national policies of Russia and foreign countries in the field of renewable energy development This textbook is recommended for master's and bachelor's students of the Faculty of Global Processes of Moscow State University in the field of “Global Energy and International Busi- ness”, other universities and faculties of a similar educational and methodological direction, as well as those interested in global energy issues both in applied and scientific terms. The author will be grateful for any comments and suggestions sent to boyko@fgp.msu.ru</jats:p>