Abstract
<jats:p>The proposed study is devoted to the creation of a mathematical model of a neuron that encodes the intensity of a stimulus by the frequency of action potentials. The model was tested with step-shaped impacts of different amplitudes and different natures: constant electric current, constant voltage and natural stimulus; in all cases, typical “force-time” curves were obtained, equidistant to the experimental ones. Application of the model to the conditions of a psychophysical experiment made it possible to derive a system of analytical equations of the basic psychophysical law for the receptor level. Using the proposed model, the “saturation effect” and “crossover” behavior of the “stimulus-sensation” curves identified in psychophysical experiments in individuals with different group characteristics of the nervous system are easily explained. The calculation results showed that individual psychophysical differences are determined by the types of combinations of physiological properties of primary receptor neurons. The publication is intended for neurophysiologists, psychophysicists, psychophysiologists and psychologists, and will also be of interest to compilers of textbooks in these disciplines.</jats:p>