Abstract
<jats:p>Earthmoving equipment is successfully used both at small-scale excavation sites and at large construction sites. They are the primary machines for excavating and moving significant volumes of soil. Increased productivity and efficiency of bulldozers can be achieved by fully utilizing their energy performance. The article presents the development of a comprehensive mathematical model for the interaction of a bulldozer’s working element with soil. The model integrates the static and dynamic (rheological) aspects of this interaction. This allows for more accurate calculations of cutting forces, drag prism displacements, and soil resistance forces. The obtained dependencies allow us to most fully describe the process of soil development and transportation by a bulldozer blade. The equations for determining the horizontal and vertical components of cutting forces (based on the method of K.A. Artemyev), soil movement forces (using the equation of V.Ya. Dvorkovsky) and forces arising during deepening of the dump are considered. A recurrent expression is proposed for calculating the volume of a drag prism taking into account soil losses. The developed model is a tool for solving problems of designing a hydraulic drive, a control system, analyzing dynamic loads in the transmission, and simulating the operation of a bulldozer under various conditions.</jats:p>