Long-Term Retention of Teamwork Skills After Simulation-Based Training in Acute Care

<title>Abstract</title> <p> Simulation-based education is central to medical training, particularly in acute and cardiological care where teamwork is critical. This longitudinal study assessed long-term retention of non-technical skills using the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM). 688 clinicians (cardiologists, general practitioners, and nurses) were included. Mean TEAM scores rose significantly from 4.47 at baseline to 8.69 immediately post-course (p&lt;0.001) and remained at 6.98 after one year (p&lt;0.001). Although scores declined slightly from the immediate post-course level, they stayed substantially above baseline. Recent high-fidelity simulation and advanced life support training were independent predictors of better performance. <bold>Conclusion:</bold> Simulation training yields substantial and durable improvements in teamwork, with partial retention at one year. Regular high-quality refresher programs are recommended. </p>