Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p>Non-traditional security challenges, including climate change, pandemics, food insecurity, and transnational crime, have become major challenges for many countries in the 21st century. These issues not only require governments to reconceptualize security but also redefine their priorities and reallocate resources to deal with an increasingly complex contemporary issue. However, no validated and comprehensive instrument exists for measuring non-traditional security governance performance. Drawing on securitization theory and institutional theory with a mixed method approach, this study addresses this gap by developing a framework for conceptualizing and measuring non-traditional security outcomes governance performance for Vietnam. The research process counted on the participants of 14 managers, in the qualitative step, and 583 public sector employees, in the quantitative step, in Vietnam. The findings demonstrate that the framework exhibits strong reliability and validity, offering policymakers and public managers a structured tool for efficiency assessment in response to growing non-traditional security challenges.</p>