Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p>Irrigation water use (IWU) is a major component of anthropogenic water consumption in human-modified basins, yet it remains poorly monitored over large areas. Here, we present two satellite-derived IWU datasets for Europe, IWU-SMinv v1.0 and v1.1, generated using the Soil-Moisture-Inversion (SM-Inversion) approach with different input forcing datasets. The products provide IWU estimates at 1-km spatial resolution and 14-day temporal aggregation. IWU-SMinv v1.0 covers January 2016 to September 2025, whereas v1.1 covers 2016–2024. The datasets are evaluated against independent reference data with different spatial and temporal aggregations. For continuous multi-year records, monthly comparisons generally yield Root Mean Square Error (\(\:RMSE\)) and \(\:BIAS\) values below 1 mm/day and Pearson correlation, \(\:r\), above 0.6. For seasonally aggregated reference data, mean percentage errors (\(\:MPE\)) are within or close to ± 30% threshold in approximately 60% of the comparisons. Although uncertainties in the reference data affect the evaluation, these datasets provide spatially and temporally consistent estimates that can support hydrological, agricultural, and water-resources applications.</p>