Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p>Binary agreement and disagreement mental responses represent a promising way for communicating in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and BCI feedback verification. However, neural signatures of these mental reactions including error-related potentials (ErrPs) and other disagreement-related evoked activity, remain insufficiently studied due to lack of appropriate experimental paradigm provoking these reactions which in turn hinders their application in the mental control loop. In the present study, we introduce an experimental paradigm inspired by the "Akinator" game to investigate neural signatures of mental (dis-)agreement under various conditions. We found that both the amplitude and temporal characteristics of cortical activity related to agreement and disagreement responses including P3a and N270 components are influenced by various factors such as presentation sequence, stimulus context, and the semantic category of the stimulus. This research contributes to understanding the potential applications of such responses in neurointerface loops incorporating visual feedback and provides further insight into the relationship between these binary agreement and disagreement responses and the underlying mechanisms of attention and working memory.</p>