Abstract
<jats:p>Relevance. Improving torque control accuracy in interior permanent magnet synchronous motors is a critical task for modern traction electric drives, including high-dynamic systems for mining, transport, and technological equipment. The classical maximum torque per ampere algorithm employs a constant torque conversion coefficient, which leads to systematic control errors due to the unaccounted nonlinear dependence of torque on stator currents. This dependence is caused by the salient-pole rotor construction and the impact of the d-axis current on the motor magnetic field. Aim. To develop an adaptive maximum torque per ampere algorithm with dynamic calculation of the torque conversion coefficient, ensuring precise torque control in an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor by accounting for real-time changes in the motor magnetic characteristics. Methods. Methods of mathematical modeling and computer analysis in the MATLAB/Simulink environment with a complete model of the electric drive. This model includes the vector control system, power inverter, and blocks implementing both classical and adaptive "maximum torque per ampere" algorithms. Results. The authors have developed an adaptive algorithm based on the dynamic calculation of the coefficient k_t, eliminating the systematic torque control error. For a specified torque of 350 N·m, the algorithm ensures exact correspondence of the realized torque to the specified value, completely eliminating the 21% error characteristic of the classical maximum torque per ampere algorithm. It is shown that the coefficient k_t is a dynamic variable, varying in the range from 1.04 to 1.43 N·m/A depending on the motor operating mode, which reflects the change in the contribution of the reactive current component. Conclusion. The proposed algorithm significantly improves torque control accuracy in the electric motor by accounting for the nonlinear dependence of the instantaneous torque on currents and flux linkages. It can be effectively applied not only in vehicles but also in traction electric drive systems for the mining and oil and gas industries, ensuring energy efficiency and precise adherence to the specified torque.</jats:p>