Abstract
<jats:p>The article presents a comparative analysis of criminal offenses under Article 285 (abuse of official powers) and Part 3 of Article 159 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (fraud involving the use of official position). The author identifies distinguishing criteria for these related offenses, which are relevant for law enforcement practice. The research methodology includes a comparative analysis of the elements of these crimes and an examination of judicial precedents. This study is valuable for investigative bodies and courts, as it systematizes the criteria for differentiating between these offenses, thereby reducing the risk of misclassification. The findings may be used in legislative efforts to refine the wording of relevant legal provisions.</jats:p>