Abstract
<jats:p>The aim of this study was to examine the role of nature as a cultural and philosophical phenomenon in the literature of various cultural traditions. The research employed methods of comparative literary analysis, including textual interpretation and the identification of key functions of nature in works from diverse traditions, such as Kyrgyz, Japanese, American, Germanic, and French literature. Particular attention was paid to analysing the symbolic and philosophical significance of natural imagery, its functions within literary works, and the contexts in which it acquires unique meaning depending on cultural and historical conditions. The findings revealed that nature fulfilled multiple functions in literature: from serving as a backdrop shaping the emotional tone of a work to functioning as a complex philosophical symbol embodying ideas of harmony, freedom, and conflict. In Kyrgyz literature, nature was interpreted as a symbol of resilience and national identity. Japanese literature emphasised the ephemerality and harmony of nature, underscoring its philosophical significance. In American literature, natural imagery was depicted as a space for struggle and spiritual growth, while in Germanic literature, it symbolised the unity of humanity and the cosmos, as well as the pursuit of freedom. French literature used nature to contrast with urban environments, highlighting the internal and spiritual conflicts of characters. The analysis demonstrated the importance of further research into the symbolism of nature in understudied literary traditions, which would deepen our understanding of its cultural and philosophical dimensions. The study confirmed the universality of natural imagery in literature while revealing its cultural specificity. Nature emerged as a multifaceted element of literary creativity, reflecting both shared philosophical ideas and the distinct worldviews of different cultures.</jats:p>