Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Objective.</jats:italic> This study introduces a novel non-invasive wound healing method that generates Lorentz fields (LFs) in the wound area using ultrasonic transducers under a static magnetic field, enabling localized stimulation without direct electrode contact. <jats:italic>Approach.</jats:italic> Theoretical derivations of the governing equations, supported by numerical simulations, demonstrate the feasibility and potential effectiveness of this technique. The model includes the two-dimensional geometry of the wound, skin layers, gel, a single-element ultrasonic probe, or a 16-element linear phased array (LPA) transducer. The pressure and velocity current density distributions in the wound area were analyzed under three different excitation configurations: (i) excitation using a single-element ultrasonic probe, (ii) beam steering of the LPA transducer at 5 <jats:sup>∘</jats:sup> intervals between <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math> </jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>30</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∘</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> </jats:inline-formula> and <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math> </jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>30</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∘</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> </jats:inline-formula> at 13 different angles, and (iii) focusing of the LPA transducer at 0 <jats:sup>∘</jats:sup> . In each configuration, distinct pressure distributions and velocity current density patterns were obtained in the wound region. In addition, <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> animal experiments were conducted using the single-element ultrasonic probe to evaluate the biological effects of LF–based stimulation on wound healing. The study included four experimental groups: a static magnetic field (SMF) group, an ultrasound (US) group, a combined LF group, and a control group without any stimulation. <jats:italic>Main results.</jats:italic> In the single-element probe configuration, the simulated velocity current density reached approximately 4.51 <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math> </jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">A</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mstyle scriptlevel="0"/> <mml:msup> <mml:mtext>cm</mml:mtext> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> </jats:inline-formula> , corresponding to a pressure of 0.17 MPa. These values remained within the established safety limits while being sufficient to promote wound healing. For the LPA transducer, electronic beam steering enabled a uniform distribution of acoustic pressure and induced current density over a wider wound area. The pressure ranged between ±(0.118–0.203) MPa, and the corresponding velocity current density varied between ±(2.33–2.69) <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math> </jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">A</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mstyle scriptlevel="0"/> <mml:msup> <mml:mtext>cm</mml:mtext> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> </jats:inline-formula> . In the focusing configuration (0 <jats:sup>∘</jats:sup> ), the maximum pressure in the wound region reached 0.285 MPa, while the peak absolute velocity current density was 6.72 <jats:inline-formula> <jats:tex-math> </jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">A</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mstyle scriptlevel="0"/> <mml:msup> <mml:mtext>cm</mml:mtext> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> </jats:inline-formula> , both remaining within safe limits. Animal experiments were conducted for 14 d, with each group receiving a 5 min daily treatment. The Lorentz-field group exhibited the fastest wound closure, followed by the US and magnetic-field groups, whereas the control group showed the least improvement. <jats:italic>Significance.</jats:italic> The proposed method offers an innovative and safe alternative for accelerating wound healing by combining US and SMFs to generate Lorentz-induced current densities in the wound, providing localized and non-invasive therapeutic stimulation. </jats:p>