Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p> The Second Athenian Confederacy, or the Second Athenian League brought together a large swath of Greek <jats:italic>poleis</jats:italic> in an alliance or <jats:italic>symmachia</jats:italic> under the leadership of Athens. In essence, it aimed to revive the Athenian Empire, but semantically had to do things differently. Therefore, terms like “the Athenians and their allies” are used by and in ancient sources. Another such maneuver is that the right to <jats:italic>autonomia</jats:italic> of every ally is guaranteed in the famous charter of the Confederacy. From 378 to 338 <jats:sc>bce</jats:sc> it existed in various sizes – it lost a number of members in the 350s for instance – until its dissolution by Philip II of Macedon. </jats:p>