Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Focusing on government and military settings, this chapter investigates different ways that language testing is implemented in these settings. From testing civilians in government to help them qualify for additional pay to conduct their work in additional languages to determining whether future intelligence officers have sufficient aptitude to invest in their language learning, government and military language testing includes a full range of test, types, purposes and audiences. As this chapter shows, government language testing has had an impact on language teaching and assessment beyond the government sector and reaching to academia and business. Moreover, approaches to government and military language include a full range of test types from lower‐stakes diagnostic assessments to high‐stakes assessments to determine a candidate's readiness for various positions</jats:p>