GeoAI and Spatially Explicit AI Methods

<jats:p>GeoAI is the integration of geospatial technologies and artificial intelligence (AI), especially for developing data‐driven and knowledge‐guided spatially explicit AI methods. This entry introduces the approaches to incorporating spatial thinking and principles into the development of spatially explicit machine learning, deep learning, and GeoAI foundation models, as well as into constructing geospatial knowledge graphs. The advancement in spatially explicit AI methods benefits both AI and geographic science communities.</jats:p>